In this article, Arslan Ahmad shares 16 essential system design concepts that he wishes he knew before his system design interviews. He simplifies the process by presenting a system design master template that can guide anyone in answering any system design interview question. The template covers key components like DNS, load balancers, caching, database replication, microservices, distributed messaging systems, and others. Ahmad explains each component briefly, making it easy to understand its role in the overall system design. This article is a must-read for anyone preparing for a system design interview or interested in learning about system design concepts.